Kate Cooper Case Essay

Green Meadows Hospital is newly constructed community hospital owned by Southern Hospitals Corporation. Kate Cooper was very excited when she got a new position at Green Meadows as a Manager of Adult Services. They started hiring people and were getting ready to open the hospital. However, things did not go well as they planned and wanted to. Therefore, Kate had to resign. The biggest problem that I see in this was their unorganized management skills and communications skills. They should have more prepared since they were new hospital and related to people’s lives but from the beginning, it seemed like they did not think that it was a big of deal and just went it the flow. Communications at Green Meadows Hospital is more likely one way communication. It started out with 2 way communication model somehow, but it ended up having just one way communication model. At first, Alan seemed like he understood Kate’s situation and encouraged her with her getting higher education and seemed like he was going to be a strong supporter. However, it didn’t really work out. It was always him giving her too much work when even she told him that she does not think that she can handle all the responsibilities and works due to her duties and school. Also, There were never really clear communication or/and understanding among Doug, Alan, and Kate. 2 way communication model would have fixed their problems. Even though one way communication is a lot easier and faster, using 2 way communication is more accurate, can make fewer mistakes, and will have fewer problems. They could have asked questions to each other, talk about concerns, and even make suggestions or modifications if they needed to. That would have helped them to understand each other, information that they should know about, and what is being communicated. This could have help them to share information effectively and the team could have performed better. I would have to say that Doug and Alan both have the SIL style of between S1 and S2. They both are somewhat directing and coaching at the same time. They seem like they are listening to their followers but the result shows us that they didn’t really. At first he seemed like he was very encouraging and supporting his followers and he turned out to be very selfish and self-centered leader. To be a S3 or S4 leaders, they need to listen to their followers more since they are working with their patients directly and might know better than them. However, decisions were never made with the followers, instead the leaders made most of the decisions and just announced it. On the other hand, Kate is in the level of D2. She has had some experiences as a charge nurse and a house supervisor. Kate has some relevant skills with the new position but since she was new to this position and to the hospital, she needed some help from her leaders. I would say Peter is in the level of D4. He just knew what he was doing and seemed like very confidence of what he was doing but like Alan, he was very selfish, seemed like he always thought about himself first instead thinking about the team as a whole. To help Kate and Peter, they could change their leaderships to S3. I think S4 would be too much for everyone with this situation, but having 2 way communication, when making decisions followers can be involved, but still the leaders can make the final decisions. Instead of Doug and Alan telling Kate and Peter what to do, they all can be involved and talk about what is going on at the hospital and talk about it to make it better or make a better decisions. Kate and Peter will more feel like they are important and will be more motivated and perform better. First theory is expectancy theory. If people put their effort into something and they perform to get the result. Between putting effort and performing they think that their effort will make them to attain their goals. Also between their performance and outcome, they expect specific result. Maslow’s Need Hierarchy is the next theory. People have to have the low level of needs to have higher needs. Also once a need is satisfied, it is not a powerful motivator anymore. Third is Alderfer’s ERG Theory. This theory is somewhat similar to Maslow’s theory but slightly different. It has three sets of needs: existence, relatedness, and growth. Unlike Maslow’s law ERG theory states that several different needs can be done at once and at the same time because they are all connected. This can either motivate or demotivate people. They should use ERG theory to prevent managers like Kate from resigning. Environment like hospitals should have existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs at the same time. They do not have time to wait for one thing to get done and go onto another. At the hospital they work with people. They should respect each other, not just respect the leaders but also leaders should respect the followers. And also they should have relationship that includes all the employees and share their thoughts, discuss problems together, and try to find the solutions together. And people need some kind of motivations to work better with other people, be productive, or perform better. These can happen all at once. However, Kate did not get any respect from her co-worker or her leaders and also did not have any motivations. Alan just kept pushing her to the edge. He did not even ask her opinion and told her what to do. Again, there was no communication between them and that was the main problem tha t they had. a. Absence of Trust – At first, they trust each other, but as time goes by, they didn’t really talk about the problems. They didn’t even try to help each other out. They didn’t talk about when Alan behaved unprofessionally and inappropriately. No body was really getting along well. b. Fear of Conflicts – They should have worked as a team but seems like to me they were just working as an individual. They didn’t respect each other, didn’t care about each other, and ignore some issues that they were having. They didn’t really try to fix problems but just covered up when they should have talked about Alan’s behavior or Peter taking Kate’s orientation dates. c. Lack of Commitment – Since they don’t trust each other, don’t respect each other, it led them to have lack of commitment. No body really knew what they were really doing. Everyone was on their owns. There were no priorities, no directions, and had same problems over and over again: Kate having too much responsibilities and work). d. Avoidance of Accountability – Alan always gave Kate way too much work that she cannot even handle them. Alan and Dough were supposed to be communicating each other and lead them team but even they did not really communicate well and resulted in Alan overstepping Doug’s positions. e. Inattention to results – Because of all of the above, it got to the point where Kate was told that she had to quit school. This clearly shows how Alan’s leadership style and ethics were very wrong. I would say, right now they are in the Storming stage. It is the stage when hostilities and conflicts arise, and people jockey for positions of power and status. They can’t go on to the next stage that is Norming stage if they can’t solve the problems. Peter and Alan being selfish and having a self-centered leadership, having no communication among the team members, giving too much work and all the responsibilities to one manager, leader’s unprofessional/inappropriate behavior should be all solved for them to continue to the Norming stage. At Norming stage, the team members share their ideas, thought, goals, and develop closer relationship, which will lead them to perform better, and success as a whole. For Green Meadows Hospital, the most needed solution is communication. Communication is always important in any kind of situation. If they start communicating as a team, having regular meetings that will build their trust. Trust is also important factor but with out communication, it can’t be built. The leaders should have a heart for the company, should be able to motivate their followers, and should have right ethics. Leaders should not have any deception, fear, pride, or greed. Alan showed a lot of greed and deception in this case (telling Kate to quit school, unprofessional behaviors, not following his leader†¦etc). Of course it is important to have great leadership skills but without a heart, they will have no followers. To have faithful, committed followers, then leaders should do it first.

Contribution of Great Philosopher Jyotirao Phule Essay

Mahatma Jyotiba Phule was a great activist, thinker, social reformer, writer and philosopher. He contributed in flelds like education, agriculture, women and widow upliftment. DhananJay Keer, his biographer, mentions him as â€Å"the father of Indian social revolution† Source of Inspiration After being insulted at wedding of a Brahmin friend, Jyotirao decided to defy the caste system. He served Shudras and women who were deprived of all their rights as human beings. Social Actlvlsm He opened girl’s school in August 1848. As no teacher dared to work in a school in which untouchables were admitted as students, he educated his wife, Savitrlbai, and enabled her to teach the girls. On 24 September 1873, Jyotlrao formed ‘Satya Shodhak Samar. Maln objective of the organization was to liberate Shudras and Ati Shudras. Contributions in Primary Education Jyotirao was not satisfied with the quality of primary education imparted. Therefore, he came up with a list of actions to Improve It. Curriculum & Role of Teacher 1 OF3 Wanted curriculum should be utilitarian and practical so as to cover the needs of the society. Formulated the course content and included reading, writing, accounts, general history, general geography, grammar, elementary knowledge of agriculture and a few lessons on moral duties and sanitation. Teachers to be properly trained and certified. Teachers should mix with students freely and understand their wants and desires. Role of Governing Body Upgraded the supervising agency to have better monitoring over these primary schools. Compelled municipalities to maintain all the primary schools within their respective limits. Worked to get adequate grants for primary schools from provincial funds. Recommended that Government should formulate the scheme of scholarships and rewards for the needy and deserving students. Disbelieved in vedas He was criticized in disbelieving in vedas. He considered Vedas as ‘idle fantasies’ as ‘palpably absurd legends’. He considered Vedas a form of false consciousness’. He maintained that at the root of all calamities was the blind faith that religious books were created or inspired by god. All established religious and priestly classes find this blind faith useful for their purposes and they try their best to defend it. Criticized caste system Phule preferred British rule to the regime of the Brahmins. He was aware of the shortcomings of the former and he never hesitated to point them out openly. His mission was to bring about an egalitarian society where all men and women would enjoy liberty; Phule criticized the contemporary rulers if he felt that their policies went against lower caste, whether it was educational policy. the pernicious system of high class education. He complained against the government in neglecting the downtrodden masses. Conclusion Throughout his life, Jyotirao Phule fought for the emancipation of the downtrodden eople and the struggle, which he launched at a young age ended only when he died on 28th November, 1890. Though he was often accused of fomenting hatred between the Brahmins and the non-Brahmins, very rarely an attempt was made to consider his scathing criticism in a broad perspective. The later generations also took considerable time to understand and appreciate the profound significance of his unflinching espousal of the ‘rights of man’ which remained till the end of his life a major theme of his writings and a goal of his actions.

Tesla Electric Car

| Will the electric car stick? | Tesla Motors|| 8/9/2012| [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. ]| Is the electric car sticky? In the New York Times bestseller â€Å"Made to Stick† Chip and Dan Heath explain why some ideas survive and others die.In today’s constantly changing marketplace along with rapidly evolving technological innovations, how do we create ideas and products that will stand the test of time and possibly benefit humanity and our future as a whole? According to the Heath brothers there are six principles we can use as guidelines for making our ideas stick. These six principles: simple, unexpected, concrete, credible, emotional, and stories, when used together, spell success (minus the last s in success). Now back to my first question is the electric car going to s tick?According to Tesla Motors Inc. Chief Executive Elon Musk the answer is not only yes but Musk was quoted earlier this year saying â€Å"In 20 years more than half of new cars manufactured will be fully electric. I feel actually quite safe in that bet. That’s a bet I will put money on. † So who is this Elon Musk, what is Tesla Motors, and why is he so confident his idea will stick? To answer this question, I’ll use the six principles the Heath brothers laid out for us in â€Å"Made to Stick† and let you be the judge.First, let me tell you a little about the history of Tesla Motors. In 1988, after graduating from high school in Pretoria, South Africa, 17 year old Elon Musk left his home land to come to America telling his family and friends â€Å"It is where great things are possible†. Musk was inspired by great innovators like Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla and after a few years at Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada he continued on to the University of Pennsylvania with a full scholarship. After receiving a degree in conomics and a second degree in physics Musk decided there were three areas he wanted to be involved in that he believed would† affect the future of humanity† they were the internet, clean energy and space. He spent two days at Stanford’s graduate program in 1995 and dropped out only to go on and help create the global internet payment system known as PayPal. By 2003 Musk and just a handful of others founded Tesla Motors in the Silicon Valley area of Northern California which is home to some of the world’s largest technology corporations.Musk’s vision of eventually being an independent automaker that could mass produce fully electric cars at an affordable price was becoming reality. Today Tesla Motors, Inc. has 31 stores and service locations worldwide, employs over 2,000 people and is on the road in 37 different countries. Not only does Tesla Motors design, develop, manufacture and sell its electric vehicles, it also manufactures electric vehicle powertrain components which it sells to other companies.To show the world that an electric car could not only be efficient but extremely powerful, the companies first vehicle was the Tesla Roadster, a high end sports car that can accelerate from zero to sixty in under four seconds and has a top speed of 125 mph. Once the lithium-ion battery is charged, the car has a range of roughly 245 miles per charge. With the price of the Roadster being out of reach for most people, Tesla knew the next step would be to produce a sedan style vehicle that would be more affordable but still maintain the high level of quality.In 2012 Tesla introduced the much more affordable and practical Tesla Model S sedan. There is also the new Model X suv that will be available sometime in 2014. To give you an idea of Tesla Motors growth rate, the annual revenue for 2010 was $117 million, the annual revenue for 2012 so far is $543 million. So now let’s look at how the six principles of SUCCES in â€Å"Made to Stick† has helped Tesla Motors succeed and continue to grow. The first principle is SIMPLE. The concept behind simplicity in â€Å"Made to Stick† is the importance of getting to the core of your idea and staying true to that core.You must know the core of your idea and convey it as simply as possible. The book uses Southwest Airlines as an example of core simplicity. Southwest Airlines has a Commander’s Intent which is â€Å"We are THE low-fare airline. † This simple statement has guided the success of the airline for over thirty years. Tesla has used simplicity to convey their core mission since their beginning. Tesla Motors core, as they have stated over and over again is â€Å"the belief that an electric car need not be a driving sacrifice. † This is the definition of simple and they have stuck to it.Tesla knows that people have a negative image of electric c ars and it’s their sole purpose to make that image positive. The second principle of a â€Å"sticky† idea is the UNEXPECTED. The main objective of the unexpected is to first get the audience’s attention and to then hold their attention. The book uses the words surprise, what gets our attention, and interest, what keeps our attention. Tesla did the unexpected when they introduced the very first electric sports car to the world. You mean to tell me that you built a car that can go 0 to 60 mph in under 4 seconds with little to no sound and no gasoline?This I got to see! Let’s just say, right off the bat, they got the world’s attention and are still holding it to this day. Tesla made a conscious decision to make their first car a sports car even though they knew they were targeting a smaller elite market. They came out of the gate guns blazing and made the cover of Time magazine for best inventions of 2006. When we hear the word CONCRETE we immediately think of buildings, roads and foundations for homes, things that exist all around us that we can touch and see. In â€Å"Made to Stick† the Heath brothers mention that â€Å"Language is often abstract, but life is not abstract. When we can visualize things in the real world we can put them in context and remember them better. The book uses the example that concrete nouns, like bicycle are easier to remember than abstract ones like justice. If you want your idea to stick with someone, speak in terms of things that people can relate to in their daily life. One way that Tesla uses concrete language to compare their car with other traditional cars is in a statement on their website â€Å"The powertrain, tucked between the rear wheels, uses energy three times more efficiently than a gas-burning engine. You may not know what a powertrain is but we can all visualize using energy three times more efficiently than gas-burning. The fourth principle in making an idea stick is CREDIBI LITY. Credibility is the level that you believe something to be true. If you believe a source of information is highly credible then you will more than likely accept it as the truth. The Heath brothers hit on a few ways we can make our ideas more credible and a couple of them stood out to me while doing my research of Tesla Motors. Authorities and experts can be a reliable source of credibility.The book uses Stephen Hawking as an authority on physics but I prefer to use Carl Sagan as an authority on astronomy, just a personal favorite of mine. Along with the external credibility of authorities, there is internal credibility like the uses of testable credentials i. e. try it before you buy it. Of course all car companies will let you drive it before you buy it and Tesla is no exception. What stood out to me among all the glowing reviews was an article in the Wall Street Journal by Dan Neil, a winner of the Ken Purdy Award for automotive journalism.When Dan was given one of the new Te sla Model S sedans to review he was â€Å"ready to be disappointed†. That was not the case as he went on to compare the 4-door electric sedan with that of a Lamborghini and a Ford GT supercar and the design quality to that of a Jaguar. Sometimes credibility comes from a completely new source as with the example used in â€Å"Made to Stick† of the 1984 Wendy’s commercial â€Å"Where’s the beef? † Wendy’s was using testable credentials buy leaving it up to the consumers to go see for themselves. Where’s the beef?I still remember that commercial from when I was a kid. When we feel strongly about something we not only remember it but we want to do something about it. The fifth principle of â€Å"sticky† ideas is EMOTIONAL. Emotional messages can evoke powerful feelings both good and bad in people. We naturally care more about the things that affect our own personal lives than those things that don’t directly affect us, so ho w do we get other people to care about our own ideas? The Heath brothers suggest three ways that we can make people care.By using the power of association, we can relate to peoples individual lives and show them that we care about the same things they care about. Another way to make people care is to appeal to their self-interest. People have ideas about who they are and who they would like to be and if we can tap into that emotion our message is more likely to stick with them. Appealing to people’s identity is emotionally powerful and Tesla Motors knows just how to do that. Cars have always been more than just a means of transportation, they tell people who you are and what you care about.Tesla has already created strong brand loyalty for being the thinking man’s car of the future. Tesla knows that a growing number of people feel very strong emotions about sustainable energy. To quote Elon Musk â€Å"The overarching purpose of Tesla, and my reason for personally fund ing the company, is to expedite the move from a mine-and-burn hydrocarbon economy towards a sustainable, solar electric economy. † The sixth and final principle of sticky ideas is STORIES. Throughout human history we have used stories to convey important messages.Stories not only grab our attention and entertain us but inspire us to act. One of the examples of the use of stories in â€Å"Made to Stick† is the Subway tale of Jared. In the 90’s Subway used a true and unique story about a young man, who was dangerously over weight, lost over 100 pounds in just three months by eating at Subway. This story had a huge impact on many people and put Subway back on the map. Many people could relate to Jared’s story and were inspired to eat healthier. I believe the story of Elon Musk is inspiring and that through human innovation anything is possible.In 2009 things were not looking good for American car companies, many of which were completely shut down to cut costs . During that same year Bob Lutz of GM said Tesla would never compete effectively as a car company because nobody really wanted and electric car especially at that price. That year Tesla sold 100% of its production and opened a second dealership. In closing, there are many stories like Tesla that inspire us to think outside the box. Human innovation is the foundation of society, without it we would grow stagnant and die out.It’s true that some ideas survive and others die that’s just the nature of things but there are things we can do to make our ideas stick. The principles that Chip and Dan Heath laid out in â€Å"Made to Stick† aren’t set in stone but can be used as a foundation for success (pun intended). Tesla has done a good job of pushing the boundaries of technology and is getting closer every day to making that technology affordable to everyone. With all the haters out there it’s hard to say if Tesla’s electric car will stick, but as long as we all keep aspiring for greater things the world will be a better place.

Omani Teachers Use (perception) of ICT in classes after taking an Research Proposal

Omani Teachers Use (perception) of ICT in classes after taking an ICDL(international computer driving liscence) training course - Research Proposal Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ABSTRACT To discover how Omani teachers have transformed in their Information communication technology teaching strategy to groups of students after ICDL or International Computer Driving License training is the interest of this study. It will look into policy documents of the company that sponsored the training programme and the policy makers of the Ministry of Education. The researcher will use descriptive quantitative research in gathering the data. Questionnaires will be prepared and sent to the corresponding teachers who successfully finished the programme and obtained the license to teach the same. Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION The teaching of Information communication technology to groups of students through classroom instruction is of essence for learners to cope with the needs of the 21st century lifestyle and business ways after graduation. In almost every human transaction nowadays ICT is involved. Besides, ICT have just turned out to be one that is a progressive technology in nature; hence the need for continuous upgrading of what is the latest for those who have learned the technology already, and for the learned educators to pass on the knowledge to learners. Background of the Study Internationally, instruction and education in the higher level of formal schooling in some institutions have seen so much transformation with the emergence of information technology as a primary discipline towards modern communication and business transactions strategy. Not only is the demand rising in the first world countries like the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany and France, but, it is also intensifying in developing...In almost every human transaction nowadays ICT is involved. Besides, ICT have just turned out to be one that is a progressive technology in nature; hence the need for continuous upgrading of what is the latest for those who have learned the technology already, and for the learned educators to pass on the knowledge to learners. Internationally, instruction and education in the higher level of formal schooling in some institutions have seen so much transformation with the emergence of information technology as a primary discipline towards modern communication and business transactions strategy. Not only is the demand rising in the first world countries like the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany and France, but, it is also intensifying in developing economies like Oman. Nonetheless, even in a highly industrialized economy like the United Kingdom, information communication technology or ICT have still to be incorporated into primary curriculums (Williams and Easingwood, 2003). Currently, enthusiast as well as experts in the field of information technology have organized themselves and offered trainings with corresponding certificates of complet

Cervical Cancer and the Human Papilloma Virus Essay

Cervical Cancer and the Human Papilloma Virus - Essay Example Most of these cancers stem from infection with the human papillomavirus, although other host factors affect neoplastic progression following initial infection. Compared with other gynecologic malignancies, cervical cancer develops in a younger population of women. Thus, screening for this neoplasia with Pap smear sampling typically begins in adolescence or young adulthood. Most early cancers are asymptomatic, whereas symptoms of advancing cervical cancer may include bleeding, watery discharge, and signs associated with venous, lymphatic, neural, or ureteral compression. Diagnosis of cervical cancer usually follows colposcopic examination and histologic evaluation of cervical biopsies. Worldwide, cervical cancer is common, and ranks second among all malignancies for women (Parkin, 2005). In 2002, an estimated 493,000 new cases were identified globally and 274,000 deaths were recorded. In general, higher incidences are found in developing countries, and these countries contribute 83 percent of reported cases annually. Economically advantaged countries have significantly lower cervical cancer rates, and add only 3.6 percent of new cancers. This incidence disparity highlights successes achieved by cervical cancer screening programs in which Papanicolaou (Pap) smears are regularly obtained. There is considerable variation of incidences, screening, diagnosis, and treatment statistics throughout the world, but the trend of the disease is considered to be resulting mainly from financial and cultural characteristics affecting access to screening and treatment. The age at which cervical cancer develops is in general earlier than that of other gynecologic malignancies, and the median age at diagnosis ranges from 40 to 59 years. In women aged 20 to 39 years, cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths. There are data that indicate the cervical cancer is a preventable disease, and in developed countries, such as, in the United States, where well established screening programmes exist, it is estimated that 30% of cervical cancer cases will occur in women who have never had a Pap test. In developing countries, this percentage approaches 60%. It is a matter to be reckoned that in spite of these statistics, the worldwide incidence of invasive disease is decreasing, and cervical cancer is being diagnosed earlier, leading to better survival rates. Worldwide data indicate that the mean age for cervical cancer is 47 years, and the distribution of cases is bimodal, with peaks at 35 to 39 years and 60 to 64 years of age. Risk Factors There are numerous risk factors for cervical cancer: young age at first intercourse (

Green IT for Services Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Green IT for Services - Research Paper Example Description of these reasons is an important part of this paper. It contains the present situation of the process of making IT green. It talks about the Green IT products that are already on the market. Furthermore, it also talks about the major IT companies that are spending significant volume of resources in making IT green by developing Green IT products. In addition to these, this paper includes the future of Green IT. It can be predicted that over the next few years, a lot of efforts will be made in making IT greener and this will certainly change the outlook for the industry. Information Technology (IT), in the present global society, acts as the ‘central nervous system’ for the business organizations, governments as well as for the social infrastructures. Global communities are connected with each other by means of IT. Today business organizations are ‘Going Green’ as the societies have become more conscious about the environment which is under tremen dous pressure due to massive modernization, industrialization and irresponsible deforestation throughout the world over the past few decades. ... Uncontrolled consumption of electricity puts huge pressure on the financial capacity of an organization. Such practices actually make the entire system an unsustainable one (Baroudi et al, 2009). Furthermore, in order to meet the growing demand for electricity more power plants would be in need and this would ultimately threaten the environment. Hence, it is very important to make IT green. There is hardly any general definition of ‘Green IT’. According to Gary Hird, Green IT can be seen as the collection of tactical as well as strategic initiatives that directly trims down the organizations’ carbon footprint and/or that use information technologies for reducing carbon footprint and/or that incentivize the ‘greener behavior’ by the stakeholders of the organizations (Hird, 2008). During the last few years â €˜Green IT’ has been a popular subject of research for the organizations like IBM, Sun Microsystems, and Cisco etc. These large multinational IT firms have already started to develop products which are more energy efficient and environment-friendly. There are organizations like Green Grid that assists the global IT industry in addressing the issue of energy use (Baroudi et al, 2009). It is important to notice that IT has an inherent ‘Green aspect’. Information technologies deal with data which is a nonpolluting entity. They enable virtual client visits and virtual meetings which require relatively less energy. However, the volume of consumption varies with the nature of the industry. For instance, IT in case of airline industry consumes significantly more energy as compared to other industries (Baroudi et al, 2009).  Ã‚  

PERSONALITY TRAIT THAT BEST FITS MY LIFE Term Paper - 1

PERSONALITY TRAIT THAT BEST FITS MY LIFE - Term Paper Example This branch of psychology is termed the most ambitious since personalities are all unique. Although unique, there are patterns that have been unlocked by some of the world’s best psychologists. There are even a lot of personality tests that have been invented to promote personality determination. One of the most famous ways of determining personalities is by determining one’s personality traits. Traits, according to this theory, are continuous dimensions of a person, unlike typologies, which are static. Apart from that, the trait theories of personality assume that people have traits that can vary through time, and they are also dependent on a number of personality scales. And unlike other approaches like the humanistic and psychoanalytic ones, trait approach uses differences in personality as basis in determining the specific typologies of a person. The Five-Factor Model theory is one of the most popular forms of determining personality using the personality traits. This theory is based on Eysenck’s Three Dimensions on Personality and Catell’s Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire. The former was dismissed as being too short, with only three factors of personality listed in the personality scale. The latter was dismissed because it was too detailed, starting with over 4000 personality traits. It was narrowed down to 16 traits after factorial analysis of the traits as this proved to be the most common and defining traits of an individual. Since the two personality tests either too few or too descriptive, the Five-Factor Model was made. A combination of both Eysenck’s and Cattell’s questionnaires, the Five-Factor Model is considered to be one of the most reliable tests in defining personality. It represents the five core traits that form one’s individuality. The five core traits are: Extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness.